Haskell库文档结构

/src
Folder for source-code
Setup.hs
Haskell build script
app.cabal
Cabal build script
README
Informative text file
LICENCE
Software licence statement

下面是我的建立过程:

1新建一个HELLO文件夹,在HELLO文件夹新建一个src

mkdir HELLO
cd HELLO
mdkir src

2 main.hs 在src内新建一个main.hs

module Main where

import Control.Monad

main=do
  putStrLn "Quit? y/n"
  ans <- getLine
  when (ans /= "y") $ do
       putStrLn "not quiting"
       main

3 cabal init

Return to the* top* directory, and run cabal init. It helps you fill out the following information:

• Package name
• Package version
• License
• Author name
• Maintainer email
• Project homepage URL
• Project synopsis
• Build type

cabal init

一个填写模板

至此现在你的文件结构应该是

$ tree
.
|-- HELLO.cabal
|-- LICENSE
|-- Setup.hs
`-- src
    `-- Main.hs

现在你就可以分享你的程序，而如果你要安装，则可以继续看下面简单操作

Run +cabal install+ at the project directory 然后就会把你的执行程序放在~/.cabal/bin中了

cabal install

一定要注意 修改HELLO.cabal中的main-is,不要注释他，默认是注释 并且填入src的主文件名 Main.hs

executable HELLO
  -- .hs or .lhs file containing the Main module.
   main-is: Main.hs            一定要补好，否则cabal install 失败
  
  -- Modules included in this executable, other than Main.
  -- other-modules:       
  
  -- Other library packages from which modules are imported.
  build-depends:       base ==4.6.*
  
  -- Directories containing source files.
  hs-source-dirs:      src
  

结果是：

$ cabal install
Resolving dependencies...
Configuring HELLO-1.0.0...
Building HELLO-1.0.0...
Preprocessing executable 'HELLO' for HELLO-1.0.0...
[1 of 1] Compiling Main             ( src/Main.hs, dist/build/HELLO/HELLO-tmp/Main.o )
Linking dist/build/HELLO/HELLO ...
Installing executable(s) in /home/javazhao/.cabal/bin
Installed HELLO-1.0.0

此时的文档结构如下:

$ tree
.
|-- dist
|   |-- build
|   |   |-- autogen
|   |   |   |-- cabal_macros.h
|   |   |   `-- Paths_HELLO.hs
|   |   `-- HELLO
|   |       |-- HELLO
|   |       `-- HELLO-tmp
|   |           |-- Main.hi
|   |           `-- Main.o
|   |-- package.conf.inplace
|   `-- setup-config
|-- HELLO.cabal
|-- LICENSE
|-- Setup.hs
`-- src
    `-- Main.hs

一些额外知识：

Open up Main.hs and add some documentation – | is the syntax for documenting function type signature, type declaration, or class declaration,记住–和|中间有一个空格

module Main where

-- |This is the main function
main :: IO()
main = do
  putStrLn "What's your name?"
  name <- getLine
  putStrLn ("Hi " ++ name)

然后就可以使用Haddock(前提是你运行了cabal install,这样你的文件夹下才有dist) Haddock is a documentation engine

首先需要安装alex：

cabal install alex
Linking dist/build/alex/alex ...
Installing executable(s) in /home/javazhao/.cabal/bin
Installed alex-3.1.4

然后安装happy

cabal install happy

Linking dist/build/happy/happy ...
Installing executable(s) in /home/javazhao/.cabal/bin
Installed happy-1.19.5

最后安装haddock：

cabal install haddock
Linking dist/build/haddock/haddock ...
Installing library in /home/javazhao/.cabal/lib/haddock-2.13.2.1/ghc-7.6.3
Installing executable(s) in /home/javazhao/.cabal/bin
Registering haddock-2.13.2.1...
Installed haddock-2.13.2.1

最后运行结果

 cabal haddock --executables
$ cabal haddock --executables 
Running Haddock for HELLO-1.0.0...
Preprocessing executable 'HELLO' for HELLO-1.0.0...
Warning: The documentation for the following packages are not installed. No
links will be generated to these packages: base-4.6.0.1, rts-1.0,
ghc-prim-0.3.0.0, integer-gmp-0.5.0.0
Haddock coverage:
  50% (  1 /  2) in 'Main'
Warning: Main: could not find link destinations for:
    GHC.Types.IO
Documentation created: dist/doc/html/HELLO/HELLO/index.html

然后你的文档就会存在dist/doc/html/HELLO/HELLO/index.html 这其实就是官网的那些类库网页的的产生方式.

最终的文档结构：

$ tree
.
|-- dist
|   |-- build
|   |   |-- autogen
|   |   |   |-- cabal_macros.h
|   |   |   `-- Paths_HELLO.hs
|   |   `-- HELLO
|   |       |-- HELLO
|   |       `-- HELLO-tmp
|   |           |-- Main.hi
|   |           `-- Main.o
|   |-- doc
|   |   `-- html
|   |       `-- HELLO
|   |           `-- HELLO
|   |               |-- doc-index.html
|   |               |-- frames.html
|   |               |-- haddock-util.js
|   |               |-- HELLO.haddock
|   |               |-- hslogo-16.png
|   |               |-- index-frames.html
|   |               |-- index.html
|   |               |-- Main.html
|   |               |-- mini_Main.html
|   |               |-- minus.gif
|   |               |-- ocean.css
|   |               |-- plus.gif
|   |               `-- synopsis.png
|   |-- package.conf.inplace
|   `-- setup-config
|-- HELLO.cabal
|-- LICENSE
|-- Setup.hs
`-- src
    `-- Main.hs

一个提醒

以后写代码的时候，一定要注意标注

• 使用– |
• 使用{- -} 针对快注释

一个链接关于haddock的用户指南